THE SONGS OF ASCENTS
Codes hidden for 3,000 years unveil the origin of the fifteen Songs of Ascents.
Cryptic marks in medieval manuscripts disclose the lost temple song.
Rabbinic traditions reveal the place of the ark of the covenant.
And the secret message of the Book of Psalms is laid bare.
Question: What do you get when you cross a period-performance Director of Music with a specialist on the Psalms?
Answer: The ultimate book on the Psalms in Temple worship.
In this book, I wear both hats to show how these Psalms were sung in ancient Israel. It’s all here in the largest book ever written on the Songs of Ascents, with 27 pictures, 14 tables, and 29 musical examples.
120,000 words
xviii+293 pp.
6 x 9 inches
Hardcover (Jun 2022; repr. Jun 2023)
ISBN: 9781916619050
Paperback (March 2015)
ISBN: 9781916619036
E-Book (March 2015) GBP 9.99
ISBN: 9781916619043
Chapters
Proem. In the Garden of God
1. Books Within Books
2. Words Within Words
3. Steps Within Steps
4. Who Lies Behind Them
5. The Lodgings of the Holy Ark
6. Why Were They Composed
7. Who Wrote Them?
8. The Temple Orchestra: Instruments
9. The Temple Orchestra: Singers
10. Moonlight on Moriah
11. Temple Song, Where Are You Now?
12. Restoring the Temple Song
13. The Songs of Zion
14. In the Latter Days
15. I Will Proclaim Your Name
App. I. Singing the Sacred Name
App. II. Temple Where and When
App. III. The Hebrew Calendar
App. IV. Revia mugrash; oleh veyored
The Songs of Ascents in The New Books Network Podcast with Michael Morales (May 2017)
REVIEWS OF THE SONGS OF ASCENTS
David Mitchell’s Songs of Ascents is a fresh direction in the study of the Psalms. The Psalms of Ascents, he argues, were composed not only for Solomon’s Temple but actually for its dedication; yet they represent also a coherent collection, with shared themes and a progression of thought. Drawing on his musical knowledge, he also shows how they may have been sung, here adapting and developing the theories of Suzanne Haïk-Vantoura about the meaning of the Masoretic cantillation signs.
John Barton, FBA, Oriel & Lang Professor of the Interpretation of Holy Scripture
Oriel College, Oxford
The Songs of Ascents establishes a long-overdue link between the worlds of Biblical Studies and Near Eastern Archaeomusicology. Mitchell addresses the issue with great competence and meticulousness. He has combined researches on both church and synagogue musical traditions, and depicts a credible picture of how the psalms would have been sung in ancient Jerusalem.
Richard Dumbrill, Professor of Near Eastern Archaeomusicology
University of London
David Mitchell takes just one collection of fifteen psalms to recreate a scholarly and engaging account which brings together, in an original but careful way, the disciplines of the Hebrew language, psalmody, and music. For anyone interested in how the psalms functioned as ancient Temple Songs, and how this might apply to our appreciation of them in synagogues and churches today, this book is an absolute gem.
Susan Gillingham, Professor of the Hebrew Bible, Worcester College, Oxford
Since the publication of Suzanne Haȉk-Vantoura’s La musique de la Bible révélée in 1976 the quest to identify a musical interpretation of the Masoretic cantillation marks in the poetic biblical books has acquired some impetus. David Mitchell, combining musical expertise and biblical scholarship, has made in this monograph a significant contribution to this on-going quest. He identifies a persuasive chain of tradition which could support the view that the cantillations are a genuine representation of a musical tradition known to the Masoretes, but subsequently lost. Building on Haȉk-Vantoura’s work, and using as a test case the Gregorian tonus peregrinus for Psalm 114 (whose melody is echoed in both Sephardic and Ashkenazi melodies for the same Psalm), he provides a musical understanding of the cantillations which transfers into explicit musical directions (which he reproduces) for each of the Psalms of Ascents. This study deserves to be taken very seriously indeed.
Dr Alastair Hunter, Honorary Research Fellow, Faculty of Theology and Religious Studies, Glasgow University. Society of Old Testament Studies Book Review 2016
David Mitchell’s book contains a broad range of explorations of these fifteen psalms, which betrays engagement with many pertinent questions about the Psalms, worship in the Jerusalem Temples, and ancient music. Mitchell’s reading is thorough and eclectic, his thinking is imaginative and novel, and his writing engaging and thought-provoking….This is an enjoyable book for a musician and Psalms scholar.
Dr Megan Daffern, Chaplain, Jesus College, Oxford.
Expository Times Book Review 2017
This study, in a unique combination of psalter exegesis, historical localization, and music-historical observations, reveals the thesis that Psalms 120-134 were redacted between 975 and 959 BC for the consecration of Solomon’s Temple on 15 Ethanim (Tishri) 959 BC, and that one of each of these 15 psalms was sung during the Succoth festival on the 15 steps of the Temple of Jerusalem. The author proposes that the poets of these psalms were David (for Ps. 122, 124, 131, and 133), Solomon (for Psalm 127), and, by virtue of its Aramaic coloring, Jeduthun and the Merarite Levites (Ps. 120, 121, 123, 125, 126, 130, and 132). In these attributions, and in the reconstruction of the original chant, Mitchell draws on the masoretic cantillation, on rabbinic and early Christian sources on psalmody, on ancient oriental representations of musicians and instruments, and also on gematria.
Professor Markus Witte, Lehrstuhl für Exegese und Literaturgeschichte des Alten Testaments, Humboldt-Universität, Berlin.
Zeitschrift für die alttestamentlichen Wissenschaft Book Review, June 2017
If you love the Psalms, then you’ll enjoy The Message of the Psalter (1997).
MORE REVIEWS OF THE SONGS OF ASCENTS
Intriguing book reconstructing the music of the psalms. Also sets out lots of detail you never notice in the OT books. Explains why the Ark vanishes from the story of Israelites and where it might be …
Anonymous, Google.com review
Strong on history and pastoring
Mitchell takes a deep dive into how the Songs of Ascent were originally heard and used. He makes a strong case that they were primarily sung by pilgrims during the Feast of Tents.
The pastoral stuff flows from there. How each of the songs meets a longing that ancient people have. I would have enjoyed more of this but it’s a short book [!]. Perhaps it needs a follow up?
Matt David, Amazon.com review
Extraordinary Exploration Into The Songs Of Ascents!
I have been looking for an exhaustive, historical perspective on the ancient Songs Of Ascents (Psalm 120-134) and found this gem!!! David C. Mitchell has brought together a wonderfully insightful look at their origin and has attempted to reconstruct their musical authenticity through his knowledge as a musicologist and historian. He colors and supports his research by masterfully translating these ancient worship songs back into their original Hebrew language to bring clarity of thought and purpose, as originally inspired by the Spirit of God though King David and the Levitical musicians of Israel. Masterfully done, David!
Laura Harris Smith, Amazon.com review
Truly provides an all-encompassing understanding…
Absolutely love this book. I’m using it for my Advent devotional. The diagrams of how the Psalms were sung on step levels to the Temple — during Herod’s Temple and during Solomon’s Temple — are worth the entire cost of the book.
VERY well written. VERY thankful for this book. I’ve wanted to understand more about the Psalms of Ascent since about 2005 when I worked at a Seminary and participated in a study on the Feasts and Festivals. Thank you, thank you, thank you… for writing this book!
Jane Maule, Amazon.com review
A delightful read
The Songs of Ascents is a fascinating and rich study of Psalms 120 through 134. David Mitchell, biblical scholar, Hebraist, and musicologist, offers not only detailed exegesis, with sound use of gematria, and covers historical background and authorship concerns, but he also provides music sheets, reconstructing the original music of each psalm through the Masoretic cantillation. No newcomer to the study of psalms, Mitchell’s 1997 monograph, The Message of the Psalter, marked a decisive contribution to the field. This work is well-researched enough to inform scholars, yet well-written enough to be enjoyed by lay-level readers. Along with helpful commentary, Mitchell addresses enticing topics, like the original occasion for the Songs of Ascents, and the (current) location of the ark of the covenant. Highly recommended.
Mm, Amazon.com review
Songs of Ascents
In The Songs of Ascents, David Mitchell creates a fresh and novel study on Psalms 120-134. Though he calls it a “commentary”, one soon recognizes a book that surpasses expectations from this label by encompassing ancient Israelite worship. This is one of the best books I have read recently. It opened my eyes in many ways and was filled with provocative insights and suggestions. I was surprised how fruitful and frankly, fascinating, a study of ancient music and liturgy could be and how much could be known. Most importantly, through a detailed study of Psalms 120-134 and a survey of ancient Israelite worship, I can say I understand Scripture better.
The Songs of Ascents deserves a wide audience. Those interested in the Psalms and/or ancient music and liturgy, with a basic knowledge of Hebrew and a decent understanding of musical theory, will glean the most. However, I wish that all Christians would read this book as it opens up Biblical concepts and covers neglected blind spots in our understanding of ancient Israelite worship. Since the Psalms is one of the most popular books of the Bible, plumbing its depths is never a wasted opportunity.
Lindsay Kennedy, www.mydigitalseminary.com (Read the full review here)
Fascinating for the lay reader!
I am not a scholar either in Biblical exegesis or in musicology. I am just a faithful follower of Jesus and an avid amateur church musician. This is a dense book for the lay reader and yet is incredibly readable. It opened up avenues of inquiry that made my head spin with delight. I found myself sitting with this book in one hand and the Bible in the other checking references, going on trails of my own, and then putting my computer out as my “third” hand to see who might agree or shed light on the things Mitchell is suggesting. I would love to worship at least once using the suggested format for these psalms! I recommend this for anyone who is curious, imaginative, likes to struggle with ideas, and is open to the Spirit moving.